Advanced methods for assessment of risks of false decisions in analytical chemistry (testing) laboratories – A review

There are two groups of decision-making risks in an analytical chemistry (testing) laboratory directly influencing quality of measurement/test results. One group consists of the risks of false decisions caused by human errors in performing a test. The second group of risks is from the erroneous interpretation of test results, due to measurement uncertainty, judged against the specification/tolerance limits (conformity assessment). Basic concepts of advanced methods for the assessment of risks of false decisions in an analytical chemistry laboratory that have been developed in the last decade are reviewed in the present paper.