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Fit-for-purpose risks in conformity assessment of a substance or material – A case study of synthetic air

A technique is described for evaluation of the fit-for-purpose risks in conformity assessment of the chemical composition of a substance or material, based on a multivariate Bayesian approach. The approach takes into account measurement uncertainty, correlation and the mass balance constraint. Two datasets related to synthetic air (provided as electronic supplementary material to this paper) were studied. The first dataset was from an industrial factory producing routinely medicinal synthetic...

Specific risks of false decisions in conformity assessment of a substance or material with a mass balance constraint – A case study of potassium iodate

A methodology for the Bayesian evaluation of total specific risks of false decisions on conformity of a substance or material due to measurement uncertainty was developed using Monte Carlo simulations, taking into account the mass balance constraint of the data. As a case study, the measurement results (measured values and associated measurement uncertainty) obtained for testing a potassium iodate batch, being considered as a candidate reference material of potassium iodate purity, were analy...

Realisation and preliminary validation of a dilution device for the generation of CO2 gas mixtures

The present paper describes the activity carried out at Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM) within the EMPIR Joint Research Project 16ENV06 “Metrology for Stable Isotope Reference Standards - SIRS”, for the realisation of a dilution device for generating dynamic mixtures of CO2 at ambient mole fractions. The aim of the activity was to realise a system able to generate mixtures with isotopic composition and target uncertainties as the static gravimetric reference materials realis...

Photocatalytic reductive and oxidative ability study of pristine ZnO and CeO2-ZnO heterojunction impregnated with Cu2O

In the present work the Cu2O-ZnO heterosystem and the novel Cu2O-CeO2-ZnO triphasic heterojunction were synthesized impregnating the ZnO and the CeO2-ZnO system surfaces with 0.5% in weight of Cu2O, respectively. While X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) evidenced any alteration in the matrix phases, the UV–vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy highlighted a drastic change in the optical and electronic behaviour respect to the non-impregnated samples. Deeply investigati...

Heating ability modulation by clustering of magnetic particles for precision therapy and diagnosis

Magnetic and thermal properties of clustered magnetite nanoparticles submitted to a high-frequency magnetic field is studied by means of rate equations. A simple model of large particle clusters (containing more than one hundred individual particles) is introduced. Dipolar interactions among clustered particles markedly modify shape and area of the hysteresis loops in a way critically dependent on particle size and cluster dimensions, thereby modulating the power released as heat to a host me...

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